///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//storageSize.cpp 
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
  cout << "The storage allocated for a char is " << sizeof(char) 
       << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for an unsigned short integer is " 
       << sizeof(unsigned short int) << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for an integer is " << sizeof(int)
       << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for a long integer is " 
       << sizeof(long int)  << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for an unsigned long integer is " 
       << sizeof(unsigned long int) << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for a float is " << sizeof(float)
       << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for a double is " << sizeof(double)
       << " bytes" << endl;
  cout << "The storage allocated for a long double is " 
       << sizeof(long double) << " bytes" << endl;
  return 0;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//binaryRep.cpp
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void printBinary(unsigned short val);

int main(){
  unsigned short inVal;
  cout << "Enter a number between 0 and 65535: ";
  cin >> inVal;
  cout << "Your number in binary is "; 
  printBinary(inVal); 
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}

void printBinary(unsigned short val){
  for(int i = 15; i >= 0; i--)
    if(val & (1 << i)) 
      cout << "1";
    else
      cout << "0";
}

//binaryRep.cpp: modified to allow for sign and used on page 16
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void printBinary(short val);

int main(){
  short inVal;
  cout << "Enter a number between -32768 and 32767: ";
  cin >> inVal;
  cout << "Your number in binary is "; 
  printBinary(inVal); 
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}

void printBinary(short val){
  for(int i = 15; i >= 0; i--)
    if(val & (1 << i)) 
      cout << "1";
    else
      cout << "0";
}
//binaryRep.cpp modified for floating point on pages 19
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void printbinary(char val){
  for(int i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
    if(val & (1 << i)) 
      cout << "1";
    else
      cout << "0";
}

int main(){
  float f;
  cout << "enter a number: ";
  cin >> f;
  char* pf = reinterpret_cast<char*>(&f);
  cout << "your number in binary is "; 
  for(int i = sizeof(float) - 1; i >= 0; i--)  printbinary(pf[i]); 
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//series.cpp
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
  float sumL = 0., sumU = 0.;
  int n = atoi(argv[1]);
  for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
    sumL = sumL + 1/(float)(j*j);
    sumU = sumU + 1/(float)((n + 1 - j)*(n + 1 - j));
  }  
  cout << setprecision(8) << "Direct and reverse sums are "
       << sumL << " and " << sumU << endl;
  return 0;
}

//series.cpp: modified to use double precision on page 26
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
  double sumL = 0., sumU = 0.;
  double sumInf;
  int n = atoi(argv[1]);
  for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
    sumL += 1/static_cast<double>(j*j);
    sumU += 1/static_cast<double>((n + 1 - j)*(n + 1 - j));
  }  
  cout << setprecision(8) << "Direct and reverse sums are "
       << sumL << " and " << sumU << endl;
  return 0;
}