Abstract
An abstract system of congruences describes a way of
partitioning a space into finitely many pieces satisfying certain
congruence relations. Examples of abstract systems of congruences
include paradoxical decompositions and partitioning a set into n
congruent pieces. We consider the general question of when there are
realizations of abstract systems of congruences satisfying various
measurability constraints. We completely characterize which abstract
systems of congruences can be realized by nonmeager Baire measurable
pieces of the sphere under the action of rotations on the 2-sphere. We
also construct Borel realizations of abstract systems of congruences
for the action of PSL2(Z) on the projective line. The combinatorial
underpinnings of our proof are certain types of decomposition of Borel
graphs into paths.